Wave and Offshore Wind Resource in the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands
Coastal environments such as islands have unique opportunities for renewable energy resources. This work explores the wave and offshore wind energy potential for the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands, including Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island. A numerical wave model based on WAVEWATCH III and SWAN (both are NWS / NOAA models) was developed, validated, and executed to generate a 32-year hindcast dataset suitable for resource characterization for each island. A complementary offshore wind resource characterization is provided for the same time period based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis v5 (ERA5).
Each island has five netcdf files:
1. wave_[island]_annual_J_map.nc: the data used to generate the map of annual averaged omnidirectional wave power (J [kW/m])
2. wave_[island]_100m_IEC: six IEC parameters at 100m isobath from 1979/01/01 to 2020/12/31, output hourly
3. wave_[island]_5km_IEC: six IEC parameters at 5km from the shoreline 1979/01/01 to 2020/12/31, output hourly
4. wind_island_100mASL_windspeed_timeseries.nc: wind speed timeseries from ERA5 at 100 m above sea level within a 60 km radius of the island (m/s) 1979/01/01 to 2010/12/31, output hourly
5. wind_island_100mASL_winddirection_timeseries.nc: wind direction timeseries from ERA5 at 100 m above sea level within a 60 km radius of the island (degrees) 1979/01/01 to 2010/12/31, output hourly
Citation Formats
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. (2020). Wave and Offshore Wind Resource in the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands [data set]. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.15473/2203433.
Yang, Zhaoqing, Garcia Medina, Gabriel, and Liu, Jinliang. Wave and Offshore Wind Resource in the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands. United States: N.p., 31 Dec, 2020. Web. doi: 10.15473/2203433.
Yang, Zhaoqing, Garcia Medina, Gabriel, & Liu, Jinliang. Wave and Offshore Wind Resource in the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands. United States. https://dx.doi.org/10.15473/2203433
Yang, Zhaoqing, Garcia Medina, Gabriel, and Liu, Jinliang. 2020. "Wave and Offshore Wind Resource in the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands". United States. https://dx.doi.org/10.15473/2203433. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/512.
@div{oedi_512, title = {Wave and Offshore Wind Resource in the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands}, author = {Yang, Zhaoqing, Garcia Medina, Gabriel, and Liu, Jinliang.}, abstractNote = {Coastal environments such as islands have unique opportunities for renewable energy resources. This work explores the wave and offshore wind energy potential for the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands, including Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island. A numerical wave model based on WAVEWATCH III and SWAN (both are NWS / NOAA models) was developed, validated, and executed to generate a 32-year hindcast dataset suitable for resource characterization for each island. A complementary offshore wind resource characterization is provided for the same time period based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis v5 (ERA5).
Each island has five netcdf files:
1. wave_[island]_annual_J_map.nc: the data used to generate the map of annual averaged omnidirectional wave power (J [kW/m])
2. wave_[island]_100m_IEC: six IEC parameters at 100m isobath from 1979/01/01 to 2020/12/31, output hourly
3. wave_[island]_5km_IEC: six IEC parameters at 5km from the shoreline 1979/01/01 to 2020/12/31, output hourly
4. wind_island_100mASL_windspeed_timeseries.nc: wind speed timeseries from ERA5 at 100 m above sea level within a 60 km radius of the island (m/s) 1979/01/01 to 2010/12/31, output hourly
5. wind_island_100mASL_winddirection_timeseries.nc: wind direction timeseries from ERA5 at 100 m above sea level within a 60 km radius of the island (degrees) 1979/01/01 to 2010/12/31, output hourly
}, doi = {10.15473/2203433}, url = {https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/512}, journal = {}, number = , volume = , place = {United States}, year = {2020}, month = {12}}
https://dx.doi.org/10.15473/2203433
Details
Data from Dec 31, 2020
Last updated Oct 25, 2023
Submitted Oct 3, 2023
Organization
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Contact
Lindsay Sheridan
Authors
Keywords
offshore wind, wave energy, Pacific Ocean, resource, wave height, wind speed, wind direction, numerical model, ECMWF, ERA5, Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, Wake Island, wave, wind, characterization, offshore, South PacificDOE Project Details
Project Name Model Validation and Site Characterization for Early Deployment MHK Sites and Establishment of Wave Classification Scheme
Project Lead Bill McShane
Project Number FY23 AOP 2.1.5.601