TEAMER: Over-voltage Protection of Direct Drive Wave Power System (WPS) Electrical Components Public Release
Public data, results, and final report from a study on methods to design and optimize an over-voltage protection (OVP) system for a floating, two-body Wave Power System (WPS). The work has been performed by assessing the conditions under which hydrodynamically induced transient over-voltage (OV) events occur, identifying means to detect these events, formulating and assessing solutions to mitigate their impact and protect embedded equipment, and performing a comparative analysis against the baseline to evaluate the impact on: 1. Power Performance (percent improvement in annual mean electrical power (MEP) at PacWave-South); 2. Capital expense (capital cost of OVP, increase over the base system); and 3. Reliability (mean time to failure (MTTF) for the improved OVP system).
To perform this comparative analysis, the proposed OVP system solution was compared against a baseline, an industrial standard design for emergency fault protection in wind turbines, which included a dynamic braking chopper (DBC) for DC link protection and a standard 3-phase remote operated circuit breaker for generator disconnect.
Improvement in real time DC link voltage management is necessary to minimize OV events and reduce risk to components connected to the DC link, specifically electrolytic capacitors. In practice, DC link voltage regulation between multiple inverter power sources, the generator and BESS power converters, can be achieved with advanced high-speed real-time control loops, such as PROFINET, an industrial standard for real-time communications. Modeling showed that built-in approaches to OVP, namely the DBC and BESS, can raise the trip threshold versus baseline from 7.6 RPM to 8.5 RPM, greatly increasing MEP. The modeling effort found two additional viable approaches to OVP, flux weakening and the use of a solid-state or other fast-acting disconnect switch, that further improve annual MEP and MTTF to completely fulfill the original project goals.
This project is part of the TEAMER RFTS 13 (request for technical support) program.
Citation Formats
TY - DATA
AB - Public data, results, and final report from a study on methods to design and optimize an over-voltage protection (OVP) system for a floating, two-body Wave Power System (WPS). The work has been performed by assessing the conditions under which hydrodynamically induced transient over-voltage (OV) events occur, identifying means to detect these events, formulating and assessing solutions to mitigate their impact and protect embedded equipment, and performing a comparative analysis against the baseline to evaluate the impact on: 1. Power Performance (percent improvement in annual mean electrical power (MEP) at PacWave-South); 2. Capital expense (capital cost of OVP, increase over the base system); and 3. Reliability (mean time to failure (MTTF) for the improved OVP system).
To perform this comparative analysis, the proposed OVP system solution was compared against a baseline, an industrial standard design for emergency fault protection in wind turbines, which included a dynamic braking chopper (DBC) for DC link protection and a standard 3-phase remote operated circuit breaker for generator disconnect.
Improvement in real time DC link voltage management is necessary to minimize OV events and reduce risk to components connected to the DC link, specifically electrolytic capacitors. In practice, DC link voltage regulation between multiple inverter power sources, the generator and BESS power converters, can be achieved with advanced high-speed real-time control loops, such as PROFINET, an industrial standard for real-time communications. Modeling showed that built-in approaches to OVP, namely the DBC and BESS, can raise the trip threshold versus baseline from 7.6 RPM to 8.5 RPM, greatly increasing MEP. The modeling effort found two additional viable approaches to OVP, flux weakening and the use of a solid-state or other fast-acting disconnect switch, that further improve annual MEP and MTTF to completely fulfill the original project goals.
This project is part of the TEAMER RFTS 13 (request for technical support) program.
AU - Swindler, Steve
A2 - Crowell, Steve
A3 - Binning, Gabriel
A4 - Kofman, Eli
DB - Marine and Hydrokinetic Data Repository
DP - Open EI | National Laboratory of the Rockies
DO -
KW - MHK
KW - Marine
KW - Hydrokinetic
KW - energy
KW - power
KW - over-voltage
KW - power system model
KW - over-voltage protection
KW - OVP
KW - two-body Wave Power System
KW - Wave Power System
KW - WPS
KW - preformance
KW - capital expense
KW - code
KW - Matlab
KW - Excel
KW - TEAMER
KW - RFTS13
LA - English
DA - 2026/05/01
PY - 2026
PB - Cardinal Engineering
T1 - TEAMER: Over-voltage Protection of Direct Drive Wave Power System (WPS) Electrical Components Public Release
UR - https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/704
ER -
Swindler, Steve, et al. TEAMER: Over-voltage Protection of Direct Drive Wave Power System (WPS) Electrical Components Public Release. Cardinal Engineering, 1 May, 2026, Marine and Hydrokinetic Data Repository. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/704.
Swindler, S., Crowell, S., Binning, G., & Kofman, E. (2026). TEAMER: Over-voltage Protection of Direct Drive Wave Power System (WPS) Electrical Components Public Release. [Data set]. Marine and Hydrokinetic Data Repository. Cardinal Engineering. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/704
Swindler, Steve, Steve Crowell, Gabriel Binning, and Eli Kofman. TEAMER: Over-voltage Protection of Direct Drive Wave Power System (WPS) Electrical Components Public Release. Cardinal Engineering, May, 1, 2026. Distributed by Marine and Hydrokinetic Data Repository. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/704
@misc{MHKDR_Dataset_704,
title = {TEAMER: Over-voltage Protection of Direct Drive Wave Power System (WPS) Electrical Components Public Release},
author = {Swindler, Steve and Crowell, Steve and Binning, Gabriel and Kofman, Eli},
abstractNote = {Public data, results, and final report from a study on methods to design and optimize an over-voltage protection (OVP) system for a floating, two-body Wave Power System (WPS). The work has been performed by assessing the conditions under which hydrodynamically induced transient over-voltage (OV) events occur, identifying means to detect these events, formulating and assessing solutions to mitigate their impact and protect embedded equipment, and performing a comparative analysis against the baseline to evaluate the impact on: 1. Power Performance (percent improvement in annual mean electrical power (MEP) at PacWave-South); 2. Capital expense (capital cost of OVP, increase over the base system); and 3. Reliability (mean time to failure (MTTF) for the improved OVP system).
To perform this comparative analysis, the proposed OVP system solution was compared against a baseline, an industrial standard design for emergency fault protection in wind turbines, which included a dynamic braking chopper (DBC) for DC link protection and a standard 3-phase remote operated circuit breaker for generator disconnect.
Improvement in real time DC link voltage management is necessary to minimize OV events and reduce risk to components connected to the DC link, specifically electrolytic capacitors. In practice, DC link voltage regulation between multiple inverter power sources, the generator and BESS power converters, can be achieved with advanced high-speed real-time control loops, such as PROFINET, an industrial standard for real-time communications. Modeling showed that built-in approaches to OVP, namely the DBC and BESS, can raise the trip threshold versus baseline from 7.6 RPM to 8.5 RPM, greatly increasing MEP. The modeling effort found two additional viable approaches to OVP, flux weakening and the use of a solid-state or other fast-acting disconnect switch, that further improve annual MEP and MTTF to completely fulfill the original project goals.
This project is part of the TEAMER RFTS 13 (request for technical support) program.},
url = {https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/704},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Marine and Hydrokinetic Data Repository, Cardinal Engineering, https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/704},
note = {Accessed: 2026-06-06}
}
Details
Data from May 1, 2026
Last updated May 26, 2026
Submitted May 15, 2026
Organization
Cardinal Engineering
Contact
Douglas Algera
202.684.2814
Authors
Keywords
MHK, Marine, Hydrokinetic, energy, power, over-voltage, power system model, over-voltage protection, OVP, two-body Wave Power System, Wave Power System, WPS, preformance, capital expense, code, Matlab, Excel, TEAMER, RFTS13DOE Project Details
Project Name Testing Expertise and Access for Marine Energy Research
Project Lead Lauren Ruedy
Project Number EE0008895
